Indonesia is one of the world's largest carbon emitters and home to one of the highest rates of climate change deniers. Also, the country is still dependent on extractive industries to power the economy and coal as its main source of power. However, the country is vulnerable to the adverse impacts of climate change due to its archipelagic geography and therefore, has vowed to reduce its carbon emissions unconditionally at 29% and 41% through International cooperation against 2030 Business as Usual Scheme. This research aims to find the linkage of domestic politics in achieving the International goal of carbon reduction and the country's international and domestic constraints in solving the climate crisis. This researcher utilises qualitative methodology with an in-depth interview as the primary data collection method and applies Two-Level Game Theory, Political Communication Theory and Deliberation concept in Political Communication. This research concludes that Indonesia is committed to reducing carbon emission under the Paris Agreement. However, there remains a possibility of involuntary defection which indicates the country is committed, yet failing to achieve its carbon emission reduction targets.


Keywords: Climate Change, Indonesia, Paris Agreement, Two-Level Game, Political Communication, Oligarchy